IR spectrums of formic acid and 1-propanol. What is the difference between the two?
I have two bottles of colorless liquids that have been sitting in the back of the storeroom for quite some time. Unfortunately, the labels have fallen off due to their age. However, I know that one bottle contains formic acid and the other contains 1-propanol. If I were to measure the infrared (IR) spectra of these liquids, what differences could I use to identify the compounds? I'm struggling with this for my college chemistry homework, and any help would be greatly appreciated! :)
2 Answers
Formic acid is another name for methanoic acid: one carbon atom with a carboxylic acid group on it.
(It’s also that strong smell you get when you step on an ant, so you’d really only need to sniff the bottles, not run an IR spectrum!)
1 proponal is a propane molecule (chain of 3 carbons) with an alcohol (OH) group on one end.
Both things will have an IR peak due to the O-H bond. It will be slightly different due to the adjacent C=O in the acid, but it’s the peak due to the C=O itself that provides the easiest way of distinguishing between these substances – it will be completely absent in the 1-propoanol.
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