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Bolshevik

#Communism #Factions in the Communist Party of the Soviet Union #History of Russia #Political parties established in 1903 #Political parties of the Russian Revolution #Russian loanwords #Soviet phraseology #Bolsheviks

1 The Practice and Theory of Bolshevism at Project Gutenberg by ________, November 1920

2 The Bolsheviks, founded by ________, were an organization of professional revolutionaries under a democratic internal hierarchy governed by the principle of democratic centralism, who considered themselves as the vanguard of the revolutionary working class of Russia.

3 The Bolsheviks believed in organising a party in a centralised and disciplined fashion that sought to overthrow the ________ through a mass workers' revolution.

4 They ultimately became the ________.

5 The usage is roughly equivalent to the term "________", "Red" or "pinko" in the United States during the same period.

6 During the days of the ________ in the United Kingdom, labour union leaders and other leftists were sometimes derisively described as "Bolshie".

7 The founder of Russian Marxism, ________, who was at first allied with Lenin and the Bolsheviks, parted ways with them by 1904.

8 ________ at first supported the Mensheviks, but left them in September 1904 over their insistence on an alliance with Russian liberals and their opposition to a reconciliation with Lenin and the Bolsheviks.

9 [4] The Bolsheviks came to power in Russia during the ________ phase of the Russian Revolution of 1917, and founded the Soviet Union.

💡 Interesting Facts

  • the establishment of Mahendra Pratap's Provisional Government of India was one of the reasons that the Rowlatt Commission was set up to investigate German and Bolshevik links to nationalist terrorism in British India?
  • the concept of a national personal autonomy was strongly opposed by the Bolsheviks, and criticized by Lenin and Stalin?
  • the statues of St. Andrew and Samson from the Fountain of Samson in Kiev were stored in a museum before the beginning of WWI, saving them from destruction by the Bolsheviks?
  • the tower of St. Andrew’s Anglican Church in Moscow was used as a machine gun post by Bolsheviks in a battle against troops of the Russian Provisional Government?
  • there were two unrelated Jewish anarchists named Alexander Schapiro active in Russia during the civil war, one in the Bolshevik government and the other leading a cadre of anarchist revolutionaries against it?
  • the British wrecked the engines of the Russian battleship Evstafi during 22–24 April 1919 when they left the Crimea to prevent the advancing Bolsheviks from using her against the White Russians?
  • the Nikolayevsk Incident, in which Japanese people were killed by Bolshevik revolutionaries, was pretext for the invasion of Sakhalin island?
  • Vera Kholodnaya, the first Russian silent film star, was rumoured to have been poisoned by the French Ambassador with whom she reportedly had an affair and who believed that she was a spy for the Bolsheviks?
  • Mykola Skrypnyk, who had promoted an independent Bolshevik Ukraine, and later led the Ukrainization program of the Ukrainian SSR, chose to shoot himself rather than recant his policies?
  • in April 1919, the crew of the French Courbet-class battleship Jean Bart (pictured) mutinied while helping defend Sevastopol from the advancing Bolsheviks?
  • the 1918 Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty between the Ukrainian People's Republic and the Central Powers that helped clear Bolshevik forces from Ukraine?
  • the National Philharmonic Society of Ukraine was used as a House of Political Education and a Bolshevik Club after the Russian Revolution?
  • 35 Jewish Zionists were executed in the Pinsk massacre because they were suspected of being Bolsheviks?
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