Digestive system mechanisms?

Mouth – Mechanical digestion and Propulsion. The mouth uses mechanical means to break down food (chewing) and using the tongue propels the food into the esophagus.

Esophagus – Propulsion. It simply moves food using muscle movement into the stomach.

Stomach – Chemical digestion, propulsion and mechanical digestion*. – The stomach uses various acids to break down food into macromolecules level which is a process that takes half a day and moves digested fluid into the small intestine. *Mechanical digestion can occur in some animals that need to grind tough plant material by swallowing rocks, but this doesn’t occur in humans.

Small intestine – Propulsion, absorption, chemical digestion. Most of the bodies nutrience is absorbed in the small intestine and different ions, sugers etc. are absorbed as the food is propelled along the small intestine. Some chemical digestion occurs for fatty molecules in the beginning of the small intestine.

Large intestine – Propulsion and absorption – The remains of the food is moved along and the last bits of useful water and other ions are absorbed and the remains become feces that will be expelled from the body when we visit the toilet : )

Hope this helps!

Propulsion Digestion

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RE:

Digestive system mechanisms?

Mechanisms: propulsion, absorption, chemical digestion, & mechanical digestion

How many of these mechanisms occur in the: mouth, small intestine, esophagus, stomach, & large intestine?

Each one of these organs may include more than one mechanism. I need help because the book does not speak…

The most important thing is that that which is absorbed is transferred to and from the same place: the bloodstream. Epithelial cells line the intestine and absorb water from the material to the bloodstream. They provide a large surface area to increase absorption across membranes. Using active transport of salts into the cells, the cells can cause osmotic pressure to force water into the cells from the outer material. On the other side, cells manipulate salt concentrations to allow diffusion of water across membranes into the membranes of cells in capillaries, which are ALSO epithelial cells. The wall of a capillary is only one cell thick so this absorption can happen. In Kidneys, the nephrons are also made up of epithelial cells, and they surround the capillaries whose walls are, remember, one cell thick of epithelial cells. Again, manipulation of salt contents within the epithelial cells allows water to diffuse from the capillaries to the nephrons, where water is transported by ducts into the bladder to be flushed from the body. The main absorbed element is water. The cells involved are the same: epithelial cells. If cellular absorption works in one system, it can work in another. Same principles of osmosis; just different direction.